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Ponds and lakes of South Moravia ceased to exist
Vaštík, Karel ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Králová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor work deals with the research of extinct water bodies of South Moravia from the oldest mapped history till today. It analyzes their origin, development during the time and their extinct, and the gained findings illustrates on selected water bodies. It analyses also the restoration possibilities of selected lakes and ponds.
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Studie možností zvýšení retence vody v povodí toku Červenka
Valchářová, Pavlína
The diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of increasing water retention in the Červenka stream basin. The literary research describes the issue of water in the forest landscape, what all has an effect on runoff and what are the ways to improve the retention capacity of the landscape. Furthermore, the natural conditions of the location are analyzed - geomorphology, geology and pedology, climate, hydrology, vegetation and fauna, and anthropogenic influences. On the basis of a field investigation, the current state of the water course, including all objects, is described. The forest road network and forest stands are evaluated. The study is based both on the informational characteristics of the area and on field research. The created design with the possibilities of water retention in the Červenka stream focuses on increasing the waterlogged site as a potential place for building ponds. But also on the forest road network, where the risk of water erosion is high and it is necessary to learn how to manage water better
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Floristicko-ekologická studie sinic a řas v různých typech stojatých vod na severním Plzeňsku
ČECHUROVÁ, Markéta
The algological research was realized on 10 various water bodies in the northern Pilsen region during the year 2020. They were mainly post-mining sites or artificial ponds, where plankton samples were collected. Environmental characteristics (pH, conductivity, water transparency, temperature, amount of nutrients) were measured. Cyanobacteria and algae found in samples were identified to the possible lowest taxonomic level, also relative abundance levels were stated. The relationship between environment and the species composition was studied. A total of 77 phytoplankton species were recorded.
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Rozvoj zooplanktonu v rybnících s produkcí rychlených stádií hospodářsky významných druhů ryb
PECHA, Oldřich
This master thesis was focused on zooplankton development in ponds with advanced fry rearing of economically important fish species. For the purpose of my study, we sampled pond cascade that is managed by Štičí líheň - ESOX, spol. s r.o. in the village Liderovice, near Tábor. In this particular pond cascade, the annual production of advanced fry of economically important fish species takes place, namely pike, pikeperch, carp, tench and grass carp. Importantly, pond cascade is used several times during one growing season, and zooplankton is the main food source of all early stages of rared fish. For the production of advanced fry of fish served 3 ponds, which were released and refilled 2-3 times a season. Fourth pond served as a control stocked with one year old carp throughout the whole season. The water from an upper pond in the cascade served as zooplankton inoculum to a lower pond after the pond harvesting. Statistical analyses showed that the fry of different fish species in ponds lying in the same cascade does not affect the composition of zooplankton after restocking and water refilling. The only difference we noticed was in the treatment with pikeperch, which partially does not share the food base of other monitored species.We also found out, that the occurrence of Cyclops vicinus, Daphnia magna, D. ambigua or D. pulicaria was positively correlated with increased P-PO4 concentrations. We also confirmed that pond ecosystem can effectively retain nutrients from basins and use them for its production. As was shown after a short rain when the measured concentration of total phosphorus in the inflow in our pond system was 0.50 mg/L, on the contrary in the last pond of our cascade we measured values below 0.08 mg/L. High transparency was maintained in the whole cascade throughout the monitoring period, and an adequate economic profit was generated. Such management can be applied to only a few ponds (systems).
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Potravní zdroje plůdku reofilních ryb v rybnících s instalovanými světelnými a barevnými atraktanty hmyzu
KAJGROVÁ, Lenka
The aim of this work was to evaluate the food base (zooplankton, zoobenthos and aerial insects) and production results in culture of two-year-old golden ide (Leuciscus idus aber. orfus) and chub (Squalius cephalus). The specifics of the study were to use the attractants (yellow plates) and submersed lights as a supplement to the nutrition of farmed fish. Experimental rearing took place in the earth ponds in the area of Experimental Fish Culture Facility in Vodňany (Czechia) and in the storage ponds in Schlossfischerei Schönau bei Litschau (Austria). Zooplankton composition and physico-chemical parameters were monitored during regular two-week sampling periods. Monitoring of zoobenthos and terrestrial insects captured by attractants was performed at monthly intervals. Macrozoobenthos was sampled by Ekman Grab. After processing the samples in the laboratory, the benthic invertebrates were divided into three groups - Chironomidae, Oligochaeta and Varia. Zooplankton was collected by planktonic mesh in the 3 m long hauling and divided into the fraction of small zooplankton (Daphnidae < 499 micrometre, Copepoda < 999 and > 1000 micrometre and Others - small Cladocera), and into the fraction of coarse zooplankton (Daphnidae 500 - 999, Daphnidae 1000 - 1499 and > 1500 micrometre). Terrestrial insects were captured by installed attractants for a specified time period of day (colour attractants) or night (light attractants). The results show that the environmental conditions of the monitored ponds did not differ significantly. Abundance of coarse zooplankton in both experimental cultures was influenced by fish. The density of zoobenthos did not differ significantly. However, the values in the ponds with the lights were higher than in the control. According to the analysis of growth and production data, the installation of insect attractants as a supplementary measure to fish nutrition in aquaculture seems to be beneficial for production results. The average weight of golden ide increased during the growing season from the initial 4,3 g to 26,9 +- 4,9; 32,3 +- 6,5 and 41,2 +- 9,2 g in control ponds, ponds using lights and yellow plates, respectively. The differences between both control and experimental treatments as well as between lights and yellow plates were highly significant (p < 0,001). In the culture of chub using light attractants, the average fish weight increased from the initial 12,7 g to 41,9 +- 2,2 g, respectively to 26,7 +- 5,5 g in control. In both treatments, the production was analogously higher.
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Dynamics of organic carbon in the ponds ecosystems
TOMKOVÁ, Iva
Ponds ecosystems are the most common type of lentic waterbodies in Czech Republic. In the last century, the quality of ponds water has been greatly influenced by intensive management in the catchment and ponds alone. As a result of the increasing concentration of nutrients, ponds lead to eutrophication. This is expressed as extensive primary production of phytoplankton and algal blooms. Decomposition of the accumulated organic matter affects the oxygen regime, pH and distribution of nutrients in the pond. Organic matter plays a key role in physical, chemical and biological processes in the ecosystem. The aim of the work was to describe the dynamics of organic carbon in the eutrophic ponds ecosystem with emphasis on its dissolved part (DOC). This study included evaluation of DOC concentration from 6 pond systems in the Třeboň region from 2010 to 2011 and a comparison with DOC concentrations from 2020. The relationship of DOC concentration to other chemical parameters of water was evaluated. It found that DOC concentration had no significant correlation with other parameters. The concentration of nutrients TN and TP had decreased over the last 10 years, while DOC concentration had increased. More detailed data from 5 ponds from 2008 to 2011 were evaluated in the same way. Optical methods such as absorbance and fluorescence were used to describe DOC dynamics. These methods were used to monitor 10 ponds from Třeboň and České Budějovice regions in 2017?2018. Data were compared between these regions because they differed in conductivity, but it had no differences in DOC concentration and other chemical parameters. The average value of DOC concentration was 14,8 mg l-1. The absorption characteristics of DOM such as spectral slope S275-295 and slope ratio SR suggested an autochthonous source of DOM. Specific absorbance values at 254 nm SUVA254 ranged from 1,4?3,0 l mgC-1 m-1 and indicates autochthonous substances with lower molecular weight and lower content of aromatics. SUVA254 values were higher in the Třeboň region, which indicates that there was a more allochthonous DOM with higher molecular weight and more aromatics in DOM in contrast to the České Budějovice region. Evaluation of seasonal changes in the composition of DOM using optical methods revealed that in the summer there were more autochthonous substances with lower molecular weight and lower aromatics DOM. SR values were negatively correlated to molecular weight and were higher in summer. FI and BIX values indicating autochthonous and microbial source DOM increased in summer. Optical methods were used for the first time to monitor the dynamics of organic matter in ponds.
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Photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in eutrophic waters
TESAŘOVÁ, Blanka
Photosynthesis was measured in several natural populations and cultivated strains of cyanobacteria. In the natural fishpond phytoplankton species of the Microcystis genus and small {$\mu$}-cyanobakteria were dominated. Anabaena mendotae and Anabaena lemmermannii, different cultivated strains were selected for photosynthesis measurements. Photosynthesis was estimated as an oxygen evolution in Illuminova (Sweden AB) light pippeting system. During the experiment the oxygen concentration, temperature and photon flux density were detected automatically and registered in computer. Results were evaluated as Photosynthesis-Irradiance (P-I) response curves. Altogether 13 experiments were performed. In the natural cyanobacterial populations as well as in the cultivated strains the results confirmed high efficiency of photosynthesis in low irradiances. In some natural waterbloom-forming populations of Microcystis the results demonstrated also the high photosynthetic performace in high irradiances. It is evident that these cyanobacteria are able to avoid damage to the photosynthetic apparatus in photooxidative conditions. These findings probably reflect the mechanism by which cyanobacteria outcompete chlorococcal algae in the shallow eutrophic water bodies.
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Motif of ships and fish on Baroque pulpits in Central Europe
Eliáš, Štěpán ; Oulíková, Petra (advisor) ; Pučalík, Marek (referee)
Ship and Fish motif of baroque pulpits in Central Europe The subject of the bachelor's thesis are the pulpits. Specifically, those that originated in the Baroque period and in the history of art have experienced the terms Schiffskanzel, Fischerkanzel, Schiff-Petri Kanzel and Fischkanzel. What these pulpits have in common, apart from the location in the Central European area,is that they contain the theme of fishing and sailing. The reader will get acquainted with the mutual relations of ship and fish pulpits.
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